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Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems, EXTRAAMAS 2022, held virtually during May 9-10, 2022. The 14 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: explainable machine learning; explainable neuro-symbolic AI; explainable agents; XAI measures and metrics; and AI & law. 

Intravascular Imaging and Computer Assisted Stenting, and Large-Scale Annotation of Biomedical Data and Expert Label Synthesis - - Bog - Springer

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the 6th Joint International Workshop on Computing and Visualization for Intravascular Imaging and Computer Assisted Stenting, CVII-STENT 2017, and the Second International Workshop on Large-Scale Annotation of Biomedical Data and Expert Label Synthesis, LABELS 2017, held in conjunction with the 20th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2017, in Québec City, QC, Canada, in September 2017. The 6 full papers presented at CVII-STENT 2017 and the 11 full papers presented at LABELS 2017 were carefully reviewed and selected. The CVII-STENT papers feature the state of the art in imaging, treatment, and computer-assisted intervention in the field of endovascular interventions. The LABELS papers present a variety of approaches for dealing with few labels, from transfer learning to crowdsourcing.

Advanced Digital System Design using SoC FPGAs - Ross K. Snider - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This textbook teaches students techniques for the design of advanced digital systems using System-on-Chip (SoC) Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The author demonstrates design of custom hardware components for the FPGA fabric using VHDL, with implementation of custom hardware-software interfaces. Readers gain hands-on experience by writing programs and Linux device drivers in C to interact with custom hardware. This textbook enables laboratory experience in the design of custom digital systems using SoC FPGAs, emphasizing computational tasks such as digital signal processing, audio, or video processing.

External Labeling - Martin Nollenburg - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book focusses on techniques for automating the procedure of creating external labelings, also known as callout labelings. In this labeling type, the features within an illustration are connected by thin leader lines (called leaders) with their labels, which are placed in the empty space surrounding the image. In general, textual labels describing graphical features in maps, technical illustrations (such as assembly instructions or cutaway illustrations), or anatomy drawings are an important aspect of visualization that convey information on the objects of the visualization and help the reader understand what is being displayed. Most labeling techniques can be classified into two main categories depending on the "distance" of the labels to their associated features. Internal labels are placed inside or in the direct neighborhood of features, while external labels, which form the topic of this book, are placed in the margins outside the illustration, where they do not occlude the illustration itself. Both approaches form well-studied topics in diverse areas of computer science with several important milestones. The goal of this book is twofold. The first is to serve as an entry point for the interested reader who wants to get familiar with the basic concepts of external labeling, as it introduces a unified and extensible taxonomy of labeling models suitable for a wide range of applications. The second is to serve as a point of reference for more experienced people in the field, as it brings forth a comprehensive overview of a wide range of approaches to produce external labelings that are efficient either in terms of different algorithmic optimization criteria or in terms of their usability in specific application domains. The book mostly concentrates on algorithmic aspects of external labeling, but it also presents various visual aspects that affect the aesthetic quality and usability of external labeling.

Data Cleaning - Venkatesh Ganti - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Finally, we discuss the development of custom scripts which leverage the basic data cleaning operators along with relational operators to implement effective solutions for data cleaning tasks.

Setting Goals with LEGO SERIOUS PLAY - Matthias Renner - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

In this book, readers will discover how Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) unlock a company's full potential by providing a transformative framework that clarifies strategic tasks and fosters transparent communication throughout the organization.

Computer-Assisted Musculoskeletal Surgery - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

​Part 1. Preoperative Planning.- 1. Virtual Preoperative Planning.- 2. Computerized Tools: Allograft Selection.- 3. Computer Guided Navigation and Pre-Operative Planning for Arthroscopic Hip Surgery.- 4. Virtual Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery Planningwith Stereo Graphics and Haptics.- 5. Computational Image-guided Technologies in Cranio-maxillofacial Soft Tissue Planning and Simulation.- Part 2. Surgical Navigation.- 6. Introduction to Surgical Navigation.- 7. Bone Tumor Navigation in the Pelvis.- 8. Bone Tumor Navigation in Limbs.- 9. Direct navigation of surgical instrumentation.- 10. Navigation in Spinal Surgery.- 11. Local Tumor Ablation using Computer-Assisted Planning and Execution.- Part 3. Custom Implants.- 12. Patient-specific Instruments in Orthopaedics.- 13. Custom Implants.- 14. Patient''s Specific Template for Spine Surgery.- Part 4. Robotics.- 15. The Use of ROBODOC in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty.- 16. A comparative study for touchless telerobotic surgery.- Part 5. Validation in computer-assisted surgical workflows.- 17. Accuracy and precision in computer-assisted methods in orthopaedic surgery.- 18. Spinal Loading System: A Novel Technique for Assessing Spinal Flexibility in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.- Part 6. Emerging Trends.- 19. Computer simulation surgery for deformity correction of the upper extremity.- 20. 3D projection-based navigation.

Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This volume LNCS 14127 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop, EXTRAAMAS 2023, held in London, UK, in May 2023. The 15 full papers presented together with 1 short paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. The workshop focuses on Explainable Agents and multi-agent systems;

Creationism and Anti-Creationism in the United States - Tom Kaden - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book deals with professional creationist and anti-creationist organizations in America, and describes how the "conflict between science and religion" is the result of the interaction between these two groups. It retraces their history from the 1960s onwards, and identifies crucial turning points that led to new forms of creationism and anti-creationism. It explains their strategies, labels and arguments as effects of this history and structure. Taking a field theoretical approach, the book avoids problems of prior creationism research, making it possible to identify the mechanisms through which creationism generates new strategies, arguments, and media output. The field model is used as an interpretive tool to make sense of some of the most important creationist and anti-creationist publications and media statements.

The Practice of Crowdsourcing - Omar Alonso - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Many data-intensive applications that use machine learning or artificial intelligence techniques depend on humans providing the initial dataset, enabling algorithms to process the rest or for other humans to evaluate the performance of such algorithms. Not only can labeled data for training and evaluation be collected faster, cheaper, and easier than ever before, but we now see the emergence of hybrid human-machine software that combines computations performed by humans and machines in conjunction. There are, however, real-world practical issues with the adoption of human computation and crowdsourcing. Building systems and data processing pipelines that require crowd computing remains difficult. In this book, we present practical considerations for designing and implementing tasks that require the use of humans and machines in combination with the goal of producing high-quality labels.

Web Engineering - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference, ICWE 2024, held in Tampere, Finland, during June 17-20, 2024. The 16 full papers and 8 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 66 submissions. This volume includes all the accepted papers across various conference tracks. The ICWE 2024 theme, “Ethical and Human-Centric Web Engineering: Balancing Innovation and Responsibility,” invited discussions on creating Web technologies that are not only innovative but also ethical, transparent, privacy-focused, trustworthy, and inclusive, putting human needs and well-being at the core.

Positive Unlabeled Learning - Michael R. Hamblin - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) are powerful tools that create predictive models, extract information, and help make complex decisions. They do this by examining an enormous quantity of labeled training data to find patterns too complex for human observation. However, in many real-world applications, well-labeled data can be difficult, expensive, or even impossible to obtain. In some cases, such as when identifying rare objects like new archeological sites or secret enemy military facilities in satellite images, acquiring labels could require months of trained human observers at incredible expense. Other times, as when attempting to predict disease infection during a pandemic such as COVID-19, reliable true labels may be nearly impossible to obtain early on due to lack of testing equipment or other factors. In that scenario, identifying even a small amount of truly negative data may be impossible due to the high false negative rate of available tests. In such problems, it is possible to label a small subset of data as belonging to the class of interest though it is impractical to manually label all data not of interest. We are left with a small set of positive labeled data and a large set of unknown and unlabeled data. Readers will explore this Positive and Unlabeled learning (PU learning) problem in depth. The book rigorously defines the PU learning problem, discusses several common assumptions that are frequently made about the problem and their implications, and considers how to evaluate solutions for this problem before describing several of the most popular algorithms to solve this problem. It explores several uses for PU learning including applications in biological/medical, business, security, and signal processing. This book also provides high-level summaries of several related learning problems such as one-class classification, anomaly detection, and noisy learning and their relation to PU learning.

A Stable and Transparent Framework for Adaptive Shared Control of Robots - Ribin Balachandran - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG -

When robots encounter challenges beyond their capabilities, a viable solution is to include human operators in the loop, who can support robots through teleoperation, taking complete control or shared control.

Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis - Silviu Paun - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Labelling data is one of the most fundamental activities in science, and has underpinned practice, particularly in medicine, for decades, as well as research in corpus linguistics since at least the development of the Brown corpus. With the shift towards Machine Learning in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the creation of datasets to be used for training and evaluating AI systems, also known in AI as corpora, has become a central activity in the field as well. Early AI datasets were created on an ad-hoc basis to tackle specific problems. As larger and more reusable datasets were created, requiring greater investment, the need for a more systematic approach to dataset creation arose to ensure increased quality. A range of statistical methods were adopted, often but not exclusively from the medical sciences, to ensure that the labels used were not subjective, or to choose among different labels provided by the coders. A wide variety of such methods is now in regular use. This book is meant to provide a survey of the most widely used among these statistical methods supporting annotation practice. As far as the authors know, this is the first book attempting to cover the two families of methods in wider use. The first family of methods is concerned with the development of labelling schemes and, in particular, ensuring that such schemes are such that sufficient agreement can be observed among the coders. The second family includes methods developed to analyze the output of coders once the scheme has been agreed upon, particularly although not exclusively to identify the most likely label for an item among those provided by the coders. The focus of this book is primarily on Natural Language Processing, the area of AI devoted to the development of models of language interpretation and production, but many if not most of the methods discussed here are also applicable to other areas of AI, or indeed, to other areas of Data Science.

Privacy-Preserving Techniques with e-Healthcare Applications - Xuemin Shen - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book investigates novel accurate and efficient privacy-preserving techniques and their applications in e-Healthcare services. The authors first provide an overview and a general architecture of e-Healthcare and delve into discussions on various applications within the e-Healthcare domain. Simultaneously, they analyze the privacy challenges in e-Healthcare services. Then, in Chapter 2, the authors give a comprehensive review of privacy-preserving and machine learning techniques applied in their proposed solutions. Specifically, Chapter 3 presents an efficient and privacy-preserving similar patient query scheme over high-dimensional and non-aligned genomic data; Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 respectively propose an accurate and privacy-preserving similar image retrieval scheme and medical pre-diagnosis scheme over dimension-related medical images and single-label medical records; Chapter 6 presents an efficient and privacy-preserving multi-disease simultaneous diagnosis scheme over medical records with multiple labels. Finally, the authors conclude the monograph and discuss future research directions of privacy-preserving e-Healthcare services in Chapter 7.

AI Technology in Wealth Management - Mahnoosh Mirghaemi - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book explores AI technology in wealth management, including what it is, how it changes the wealth management and private banking landscape, its advantages, and how it democratizes wealth management. Specifically, this book investigates topics such as - Hyper-personalized investment strategies - Combined quantitative analysis with sentiment analysis to create prescriptive and predictive scenarios - Expandable and transparent AI algorithms in wealth management - Customer experience and client engagement - Tailored financial content Providing a clear and concise description of how AI driven wealth management differs from traditional investing, asset management, and wealth management offering new opportunities for investing, this book is ideal for students, scholars, researchers and professionals interested in accessible wealth management applications for investing in the 21st century.

Human Language Technology. Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Language and Technology Conference: Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics, LTC 2013, held in Poznań, Poland, in December 2013. The 31 revised and in many cases substantially extended papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 103 submissions. The papers selected to this volume belong to various fields of Human Language Technologies and illustrate a large thematic coverage of the LTC conferences. To make the presentation of the papers possibly transparent we have "structured" them into 9 chapters. These are: Speech Processing, Morphology, Parsing Related Issues, Computational Semantics, Digital Language Resources, Ontologies and Wordnets, Written Text and Document Processing, Information and Data Extraction, and Less-Resourced Languages.

Multi-run Memory Tests for Pattern Sensitive Faults - Ireneusz Mrozek - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book describes efficient techniques for production testing as well as for periodic maintenance testing (specifically in terms of multi-cell faults) in modern semiconductor memory. The author discusses background selection and address reordering algorithms in multi-run transparent march testing processes. Formal methods for multi-run test generation and many solutions to increase their efficiency are described in detail. All methods presented ideas are verified by both analytical investigations and numerical simulations. - Provides the first book related exclusively to the problem of multi-cell fault detection by multi-run tests in memory testing process; - Presents practical algorithms for design and implementation of efficient multi-run tests; - Demonstrates methods verified by analytical and experimental investigations.

When Do I Take Which Distribution? - Uwe Wehrspohn - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book provides the statistical basis for quantitative risk management by presenting and explaining the most important distributions. Distributions describe the occurrence and impact of a risk. They are a prerequisite for risk aggregation, risk analysis and risk assessment as required by the German revision standards IDW PS 340, StaRUG and FISG. This book portrays the distributions that are fundamental for enterprise risk management and shows when and how they are used. These include the Bernoulli distribution, the binomial distribution, the Poisson distribution, the uniform distribution, the triangular distribution, the PERT distribution, the modified PERT distribution, the trapezoidal distribution, the custom distribution, the normal distribution, the lognormal distribution, the Weibull distribution, the expert distribution, the poly distribution and the compound distribution. Furthermore, the book explains how the parameterisation of the distributions can be done via expert estimates or algorithmic calibration.

Mastering AI Governance - Rajendra Gangavarapu - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book takes you deep into the heart of the challenges and opportunities presented by the rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. This groundbreaking book highlights the critical need for ethical, transparent, and accountable AI systems in an era of transformative innovation. Through a comprehensive exploration of real-world cases, forward-thinking strategies, and emerging governance frameworks, this book equips readers to navigate the complexities of AI governance. From addressing bias and fairness in AI systems to mitigating risks like deepfake manipulation and data privacy violations, it offers actionable insights for policymakers, technologists, and organizations committed to fostering trust and societal benefit in AI applications. The Black Box Dilemma — Unraveling the Governance of Artificial Intelligence dives into a future where innovation thrives under the guiding principles of ethics, inclusivity, and governance excellence.

Predicting Information Retrieval Performance - Robert M. Losee - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Information Retrieval performance measures are usually retrospective in nature, representing the effectiveness of an experimental process. However, in the sciences, phenomena may be predicted, given parameter values of the system. After developing a measure that can be applied retrospectively or can be predicted, performance of a system using a single term can be predicted given several different types of probabilistic distributions. Information Retrieval performance can be predicted with multiple terms, where statistical dependence between terms exists and is understood. These predictive models may be applied to realistic problems, and then the results may be used to validate the accuracy of the methods used. The application of metadata or index labels can be used to determine whether or not these features should be used in particular cases. Linguistic information, such as part-of-speech tag information, can increase the discrimination value of existing terminology and can be studied predictively. This work provides methods for measuring performance that may be used predictively. Means of predicting these performance measures are provided, both for the simple case of a single term in the query and for multiple terms. Methods of applying these formulae are also suggested.

Genetic Stigma in Law and Literature - Alice Diver - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book critically analyses the way in which traditional sociocultural and legal biases might be perpetuated against those with unknown – or unknowable – genetic ancestries. It looks to law and works of literature across differing eras and genres focussing upon such concepts as inherited stigma, illegitimacy, orphanisation, adoption, othering, reunion, and the ‘right’ to access truths that relate to one’s original identity. Law’s role in such matters is often limited (or usurped) by custom, practice, or lingering superstitious beliefs; the importance of oral and written testimony is therefore highlighted. Characters include abandoned or orphaned figures from folk and fairy tales, Romantic and Victorian monsters and heroes, Dickensian waifs, Edwardian rescue orphans, and dystopia-set ‘rebels.‘ Their insights and experiences are mirrored in various present day scenarios that speak to familial human rights abuses, not least forced adoptions and bars on accessing original information. This cross-disciplinary book drawing on Law, Literature, Sociology, Critical Adoption Studies should be of interest to those interested in and those who have been affected in some way by adoption, origin deprivation, or reunion.

Virtual Design of an Audio Lifelogging System - Mohit Shah - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

The availability of inexpensive, custom, highly integrated circuits is enabling some very powerful systems that bring together sensors, smart phones, wearables, cloud computing, and other technologies. To design these types of complex systems we are advocating a top-down simulation methodology to identify problems early. This approach enables software development to start prior to expensive chip and hardware development. We call the overall approach virtual design. This book explains why simulation has become important for chip design and provides an introduction to some of the simulation methods used. The audio lifelogging research project demonstrates the virtual design process in practice. The goals of this book are to: explain how silicon design has become more closely involved with system design;show how virtual design enables top down design;explain the utility of simulation at different abstraction levels;show how open source simulation software was used in audio lifelogging. The target audience for this book are faculty, engineers, and students who are interested in developing digital devices for Internet of Things (IoT) types of products.

Data Orchestration in Deep Learning Accelerators - Tushar Krishna - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This Synthesis Lecture focuses on techniques for efficient data orchestration within DNN accelerators. The End of Moore''s Law, coupled with the increasing growth in deep learning and other AI applications has led to the emergence of custom Deep Neural Network (DNN) accelerators for energy-efficient inference on edge devices. Modern DNNs have millions of hyper parameters and involve billions of computations; this necessitates extensive data movement from memory to on-chip processing engines. It is well known that the cost of data movement today surpasses the cost of the actual computation; therefore, DNN accelerators require careful orchestration of data across on-chip compute, network, and memory elements to minimize the number of accesses to external DRAM. The book covers DNN dataflows, data reuse, buffer hierarchies, networks-on-chip, and automated design-space exploration. It concludes with data orchestration challenges with compressed and sparse DNNs and future trends. The target audience is students, engineers, and researchers interested in designing high-performance and low-energy accelerators for DNN inference.